A. Superstructure and Political Infrastructure
The political system can be defined as the overall political activity within the state or society in the form of a process of allocating basic values to society and showing a pattern of functional relationships between these political activities.
1. Superstructure
The political superstructure is a picture of the government in a broad sense consisting of state institutions whose duties and roles are regulated in the state constitution or other statutory regulations.
2. Infrastructure
Political infrastructure is groups of political power in society that participate actively. In Indonesia, there are many organizations or groups that become the power of political infrastructure, but if classified there are four forces as follows:
- Political parties
- Interest group
- Pressure group
- Political communication media
B. State Institutions of the Republic of Indonesia According to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia
1. People’s Consultative Assembly (MPR)
The MPR’s powers include:
- Authority to amend and stipulate the Constitution
- Appointing the President and Vice President
- Dismissing the President and Vice President during their term of office
2. President
Among the powers of the president include:
- Making laws with the DPR
- Establish Government Regulation
- Holding supreme power over the land, sea and air forces
- etc
3. House of Representatives (DPR)
The powers of the DPR include:
- Performing the legislative function
- Perform budget function
- Perform supervisory function
4. Supreme Audit Agency (BPK)
The main authority of the BPK is to examine the management and responsibilities of state finances.
5. Supreme Court (MA)
The main authority of the Supreme Court is to oversee the judiciary in Indonesia.
6. Constitutional Court (MK)
The Court’s powers include:
- Judging at the first and final level of the Act against the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia
- Deciding on the dissolution of political parties
- Deciding on the outcome of disputes regarding elections
7. Judicial Commission (KY)
The KY’s authority is to propose the appointment of Supreme Court justices and to maintain and uphold the honor, dignity, and behavior of judges.
8. Regional Representative Council (DPD)
The authority of the DPD is to submit draft laws relating to regional autonomy and those relating to regions.
C. Good Governance
Good governance is a form of state and community management that relies on stakeholders. The government and the community sit together to discuss problems that are faced together and at the same time plan together what they want to do and want to do in the future.
D. Citizens’ Participation in the Political System in Indonesia
Political participation is an activity carried out by citizens, both individually and collectively, on the basis of their own wishes or encouragement from other parties whose purpose is to influence political decisions to be taken by the government, so that these decisions benefit it.
Political participation is an obligation that must be carried out as a form of responsibility for citizens with high and good political awareness.